COGNITIVE DYSFUNCTION
“Old Dog Syndrome”
Canine Cognitive Dysfunction (CDS) is the age-related deterioration of cognitive abilities (normal body functioning that is conditioned or remembered) characterized by behavioral changes in dogs that cannot be attributed to general medical conditions such as brain tumors, infection, or organ failure. Recent studies show 48% of dogs 8 years of age and older exhibit at least one clinical sign of this condition.
CDS is not “normal aging.” It is related to several pathological changes that may occur in the brain. The progressive, degenerative course of CDS involves a gradual decline of functions that are normally “remembered” sufficient to produce functional disability in the home and/or as a family member. It is similar to Alzheimer’s Disease in humans, causing slow but progressive deterioration of mental function. As with people, this deterioration cannot be stopped but it can be slowed and medication can restore better function of the brain.
DIAGNOSIS. Recognition of the clinical signs by the owner is usually the first step in diagnosis. Next, the veterinarian must do a comprehensive physical exam and the appropriate laboratory testing to identify medical conditions that may be contributing to the clinical signs. Any underlying disease in other organs, such as hypothyroidism or heart disease, must be treated, as well as the CCD itself. The earlier CCD is diagnosed, the more effective medication is in improving brain function and slowing the progression of the disease.
SIGNS OF CDS
Disorientation
- Wanders aimlessly
- Appears lost or confused in the house or yard
- Gets “stuck” in corners or behind furniture
- Stares into space or at walls
- Has difficulty finding the door
- Does not recognize familiar people
- Does not respond to verbal cues or name
- Appears to forget reason for going outdoors
Abnormal Sleep/Wake Patterns
- Sleeps more in a 24-hour day
- Sleeps less during the night
- Decrease in activity
- Increase in wandering or pacing
Loss Of Housetraining
- Urinates/defecates indoors
- Signals less to go outside
Decreased or Altered Response To Family Members
- Solicits less attention
- No longer stands for petting (walks away)
- Less enthusiastic greeting
- No longer greets owners
